10 Examples Of Subordinate Clause

10 Examples of Subordinate Clauses: Mastering the Art of Complex Sentences

Understanding subordinate clauses is crucial for mastering the English language and crafting sophisticated, nuanced sentences. A subordinate clause, also known as a dependent clause, is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb but cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. It relies on an independent clause (a complete sentence) to complete its meaning. This article will delve into ten diverse examples of subordinate clauses, exploring their functions and structures, helping you confidently identify and utilize them in your writing. We'll unpack their grammatical makeup and show you how they enrich the complexity and expressiveness of your sentences.

Understanding Subordinate Clauses: The Building Blocks of Complex Sentences

Before diving into specific examples, let's solidify our understanding of what constitutes a subordinate clause. Remember, a subordinate clause always has a subject and a verb, but it lacks the completeness of an independent clause. It depends on the independent clause to form a grammatically correct and meaningful sentence. Think of it as a supporting player, adding detail, context, or nuance to the main idea expressed by the independent clause.

Subordinate clauses can perform various functions within a sentence, such as acting as adjectives (relative clauses), adverbs (adverbial clauses), or nouns (noun clauses). This versatility is what makes them such powerful tools in writing. The key is to recognize the dependent marker—a word or phrase that signals the start of a subordinate clause. These markers often include subordinating conjunctions (e.g., because, although, if, since, while), relative pronouns (e.g., who, whom, which, that), and relative adverbs (e.g., where, when, why).

10 Illuminating Examples of Subordinate Clauses: A Detailed Exploration

Let's now explore ten diverse examples, categorized by their function within a sentence:

1. Adjective Clause (Relative Clause):

• Example: The book, which I borrowed from the library, is fascinating.

• Explanation: The clause "which I borrowed from the library" modifies the noun "book," acting as an adjective. It tells us which book is being discussed. "Which" is the relative pronoun that introduces the clause and connects it to the main clause.

2. Adverbial Clause of Time:

• Example: He will call you after he finishes his work.

• Explanation: The clause "after he finishes his work" modifies the verb "will call," indicating when the action will occur. "After" is the subordinating conjunction that establishes the time relationship.

3. Adverbial Clause of Reason (Cause):

• Example: She was late because her car broke down.

• Explanation: The clause "because her car broke down" explains the reason for her lateness. "Because" signals the causal relationship between the two clauses.

4. Adverbial Clause of Purpose:

• Example: He studied hard so that he could pass the exam.

• Explanation: The clause "so that he could pass the exam" explains the purpose of his studying. "So that" introduces the purpose.

5. Adverbial Clause of Condition:

• Example: If it rains, we will stay inside.

• Explanation: The clause "If it rains" sets a condition for the action in the main clause ("we will stay inside"). "If" indicates the conditional relationship.

6. Adverbial Clause of Concession:

• Example: Although he was tired, he continued working.

• Explanation: The clause "Although he was tired" contrasts with the main clause, indicating a concession. "Although" signals this contrasting relationship; despite being tired, he continued working.

7. Adverbial Clause of Comparison:

• Example: She sings as beautifully as a nightingale.

• Explanation: This clause compares her singing ability to that of a nightingale. "As...as" is the correlating conjunction creating the comparison.

8. Noun Clause as Subject:

• Example: That he is innocent is clear to everyone.

• Explanation: The entire clause "That he is innocent" acts as the subject of the verb "is." The word "that" introduces the noun clause.

9. Noun Clause as Object:

• Example: I believe that he will succeed.

• Explanation: The clause "that he will succeed" acts as the direct object of the verb "believe." Again, "that" introduces the noun clause.

10. Noun Clause as Complement:

• Example: The problem is that we lack resources.

• Explanation: The clause "that we lack resources" completes the meaning of the verb "is," acting as a subject complement. The word "that" introduces the noun clause.

Understanding the Different Types of Subordinate Clauses: A Deeper Dive

The examples above showcase the versatility of subordinate clauses. Let's analyze some key distinctions:

• Relative Clauses: These clauses modify nouns or pronouns, often introduced by relative pronouns (who, whom, which, that, whose). They provide additional information about the noun they modify, enriching the sentence's descriptive power.

• Adverbial Clauses: These clauses modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, providing information about time, place, manner, reason, purpose, condition, concession, or comparison. They add contextual depth to the main clause, providing a richer understanding of the circumstances surrounding the action.

• Noun Clauses: These clauses function as nouns, acting as subjects, objects, or complements within a sentence. They introduce abstract ideas or concepts, adding complexity and intellectual weight to the sentence structure.

Practical Application and Sentence Construction

Mastering subordinate clauses enhances your ability to craft complex, nuanced sentences that effectively convey your thoughts. Consider the following:

• Clarity and Precision: Subordinate clauses allow you to express complex ideas with clarity and precision. Instead of using several short, choppy sentences, you can combine related ideas into a single, well-structured sentence.

• Emphasis and Focus: By using subordinate clauses, you can strategically emphasize certain aspects of your ideas while providing context or background information.

• Improved Flow and Rhythm: Well-constructed subordinate clauses contribute to the overall flow and rhythm of your writing, creating a more engaging and aesthetically pleasing reading experience.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How can I identify a subordinate clause in a sentence?

A1: Look for a group of words containing a subject and a verb, but which cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. The presence of a subordinating conjunction (because, although, if, etc.), a relative pronoun (who, whom, which, that, etc.), or a relative adverb (where, when, why, etc.) is a strong indicator.

Q2: What is the difference between a subordinate clause and an independent clause?

A2: An independent clause is a complete sentence that can stand alone. A subordinate clause is a group of words with a subject and verb, but it relies on an independent clause to complete its meaning.

Q3: Can I have multiple subordinate clauses in a single sentence?

A3: Yes, you can have multiple subordinate clauses in a single sentence, creating very complex sentence structures. However, ensure clarity and avoid overly convoluted sentences that are difficult to understand.

Q4: Are subordinate clauses always set off by commas?

A4: Not always. Commas are generally used when a subordinate clause precedes an independent clause or when it is a nonrestrictive (nonessential) element. Restrictive (essential) clauses are usually not set off by commas.

Conclusion: Unlocking the Power of Subordinate Clauses

Mastering subordinate clauses is a significant step towards becoming a more proficient and expressive writer. By understanding their functions and structures, you can craft richer, more complex sentences that effectively convey your thoughts and ideas. The ability to use subordinate clauses correctly and effectively will significantly enhance the clarity, precision, and overall impact of your writing. Remember to practice regularly, focusing on the different types of subordinate clauses and their appropriate usage within sentences. With consistent practice, you will confidently incorporate these powerful grammatical tools into your writing, enabling you to express yourself with greater nuance and sophistication.